When the State Starves Chiefs, Galamsey Feeds Them
Ghana’s chiefs are often accused of enabling illegal mining. There...
When Urban Elite Cry “Save the Rivers”, its not because they love rural people
Let us speak honestly. When people in Accra and the big cities...
Goldbod Will Try, But Ghana’s Fight Against Gold Smuggling Likely Won’t Succeed
By Obrempong Yaw Ampofo Ghana’s establishment of the Ghana Gold...
Underground
Either legal or illegal gold mining that takes place beneath the earth’s surface through tunnels, shafts, or adits dug to reach gold-bearing rocks.

Changfa
Miners use floating dredgers fitted with engines (changfa) to suck up sediments from riverbeds. Severe river pollution, destroys riverbanks and aquatic life.
Open-pit
Excavation of pits and trenches on land to reach shallow gold veins. Miners use Excavators, pickaxes, shovels, and washing plants.










